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Chain (ch). Make loop in thread, insert hook in loop, and draw main length of thread through. Continue to draw thread through each new loop formed until length desired.

Single Crochet (s c). Insert hook under 2 loops of st, draw thread through st (2 loops on hook), thread over hook, draw through the 2 loops.

Half Double Crochet (half d c). Make like d c until there are 3 loops on hook; then thread over and draw through all 3 loops.

Double Crochet (d c). Thread over hook, insert hook in st, and draw thread through (3 loops on hook), thread over hook, draw through 2 loops, thread over, and draw through the 2 remaining loops.

Treble (tr). Thread over hook twice, insert hook in st and draw thread through st (4 loops on hook), thread over, draw through 2 loops, thread over, draw through 2 loops, thread over, draw through remaining 2 loops. For a Double Treble (d tr), thread over hook 3 times; and for a Triple Treble (tr tr), thread over 4 times, taking off 2 loops at a time as in the tr.

Slip Stitch (sl st). Insert hook through st, catch thread, and, with one motion, draw through both the st and the 1 loop on hook. The sl st is used for joining, or when an invisible st is required.

Popcorn Stitch (pc st). Ch 1, 5 d c in next st, drop st from hook, insert hook back in ch-1 and draw loop through the one on hook.

Block (bl) and Space (sp). Make 4 d c over 4 sts of preceding row (this forms 1 bl), ch 2, skip 2 sts, make 1 bl. The bl and sp are used in Filet Crochet.

Picot (p). Make a ch of 3, 4 or 5 sts, according to length of p de­sired, and s c in the foundation or in the 1st st of ch.

Cross Stitch. Thread over twice, insert hook in st and draw thread through as for a tr (4 loops on hook), thread over, and draw through 2 loops, thread over, skip 2 sts, insert hook in next st, draw thread through (5 loops on hook), thread over and draw off 2 loops at a time 4 times, ch 2, 1 d c in the center point of the cross, thus completing the cross.

Cluster. Make 3 more tr in the same st, always holding the last loop of each tr on the hook; then, thread over hook and take off all remaining loops. A tight ch st should then be made to fasten the cluster.

Knot Stitch. Draw loop out on hook ¼ inch, draw thread through, making a ch st of it. Put hook between loop and single thread of this ch and make an s c.

Work another similar knot st, skip 4 sts of preceding row, 1 s c in next. Repeat from the beginning to end of row. Make 2?-inch knot sts to turn, 1 s c over double loop at right of 1st center knot of preceding row, 1 s c over double loop at left of same knot. 2 knot sts and repeat.

Casting on: Make a loop over left needle, pass right needle behind the loop, thread over right needle, draw through and place loop on left needle. Repeat for de­sired length.

Slipping a stitch: Slip the stitch from left needle to right needle without working it.

Increasing: To increase a stitch, knit one stitch in regu­lar way but without slipping the stitch off the left needle, then knit another stitch through the back of same stitch and slip off.

Decreasing: To decrease a stitch, knit two together, or purl two together. It is advisable to decrease the 2nd and 3rd stitches from edge to make an even edge.

Binding off: To bind off, knit two stitches the regular way, slip the first stitch over the second. Knit another stitch and repeat until only one stitch remains. Break thread and draw it through this last loop.

Knitting Plain: When desired number of stitches have been cast on, pass the right needle through the first loop, thread over, draw through and allow first stitch on left needle to slip off and repeat until no stitches remain on left needle.

Purling: Bring the thread in front of both needles. Pass the right needle through the loop, forward and in front of left needle. Thread over right needle and draw through, allowing stitch on left needle to slip off.

Ribbing: Cast on a number divisible by four, then knit 2, purl 2 across. Start next row with purl 2, knit 2.